概述
Telecontrol system with SINAUT ST7, IEC 60870-5 or DNP3
Telecontrol systems for extensive, advanced applications in theprocess industry are based on standardized protocols such asIEC 60850 and DNP3 (IEEE 1815) or special telecontrolprotocols such as the proven Siemens protocol, SINAUT ST7. Ourtelecontrol system offers fully automatic monitoring and control ofremote terminal units based on SIMATIC S7 or compact SIMATICRTU3000C remote terminal units, which exchange data with each otherand with one or more control centers via a wide variety ofcommunication networks.
It facilitates an integrated communications concept (TIA) andcomplete integration into the SIMATIC environment. The modulardesign and the support of a huge variety of line systemconfigurations and operating modes including Ethernet permit thedesign of flexible network structures that can also containredundant links.
The networks can be optimally adapted to the respective localconditions using all transmission media (mainly IP-based networks,e.g. DSL, mobile wireless, as well as conventional networks such asdedicated line, radio, dial-up networks).
优势
All IP-based and conventional WAN media can be combined asrequired, including path redundancy.
Event-controlled data transmission including time stamping
Local data storage
Remote programming and diagnostics
Integrated operator control and monitoring concept forWinCC/PCS 7 or connection to non-Siemens systems via OPC
应用
The telecontrol components have proven themselves in the smallestplants with only a few process stations, but also in complexnetworks with many hundreds of stations.
Examples of the range of uses:
Safe supply of drinking water, gas or district heating forprivate and industrial consumers via branched networks
Economical transportation of gas, oil or oil products throughpipelines
Reliable recording and transmission of process data fromenvironmental monitoring systems
Remote monitoring of wastewater systems
Control of beacons, unit-type district heating power stations,conveyor systems or transportation systems
设计
The telecontrol system is based on the SIMATIC systems S7-1500, ET200SP, S7-1200, S7-300, S7-400, the RTU3000C family and WinCC/PCS7. It adds telecontrol functions to these systems using thehardware and software components listed below.
Hardwarecomponents
Communications processors (CPs) for S7-1200 and ET 200SP
Communications modules (TIMs) for S7-1500, S7-400 and S7-300
Industrial modems and routers (SCALANCE M)
Accessories such as modems, antennas and connecting cables
Softwarecomponents
Software for configuration
STEP 7 Professional (TIA Portal) is used for configuration ofthe telecontrol components.
The SINAUT engineering software is still available for existingplants with STEP 7 V5.
Software for the central controlcenter
SINAUT ST7cc;
the SINAUT add-on for WinCC V7WinCC TeleControl;
add-on for SIMATIC WinCC for telecontrol applicationsPCS 7 TeleControl;
add-on for SIMATIC PCS 7 V7 for telecontrolapplicationsSINAUT ST7sc;
software for interfacing ST7 with control centers that can operateas OPC clients
功能
Networkconfigurations and operating modes
The telecontrol components support the set-up of completehierarchical communication networks comprising stations, nodestations and control center.
IP-based WAN such as DSL/internet, GPRS, UMTS, LTE, 5G, etc. aswell as conventional WANs such as dedicated line, radio and dial-upnetworks can be used for the exchange of information between theindividual devices.
There are no restrictions on the combination of WAN types in aproject. Point-to-point, line and node network topologies can beset up. Hybrid configurations of these basic structures are alsopossible.
A station can be linked using two transmission paths to permitredundant data transmission. The two paths can be of the same typeor different, e.g. two Ethernet connections or dedicated line plusEthernet.
The following network configurations are possible in the WAN:
"Point-to-point"
"Line"
"Star"
"Tree"
"Ring"
The graphics below show examples of different networkconfigurations that can be implemented with the components listedabove.
Wide range of transmission networks for connecting substations(RTUs) to the control center
Redundant connection to a TeleControl control center (pathredundancy) using the example of a telecontrol station based onS7-1500 with TIM 1531 IRC
Thecontrol center
The control center consists of a PC with SCADA software withtelecontrol connection for the corresponding protocols and, ifnecessary, additionally a master PLC of the SIMATIC S7-1500/400/300type.
A number of different versions can be selected as components of thecentral control center:
SINAUT ST7cc
The PC control center is based on WinCC V7
This is the ideal control center system for SINAUT ST7. It has beendesigned specifically for event-driven and time-stamped datatransmission on the SINAUT system and can be set up as anon-redundant or redundant system (to supplement the WinCC/PCS 7redundancy package).
PCS 7 with PCS 7 TeleControl
This is the ideal control center system for plants in which largerlocal automation tasks have to be combined with telecontrolconnections. In addition to SINAUT ST7, remote stations with othercommunication protocols can be connected, e.g. over DNP3 orIEC -60870-5-101/-104.
WinCC TeleControl
Control center system for plants with the WinCC V7 HMIsoftware, expanded with telecontrol connections. WinCC TeleControloffers the connection of SIMATIC substations communicating via IEC60870, DNP3 or SINAUT ST7.
SINAUT ST7sc
OPC server for interfacing control centers from other vendorsvia the OPC client function
The SINAUT telecontrol technology can also be connected to controlcenter systems from other vendors via the "Data Access Interface".ST7sc features extensive buffer mechanisms which prevent data frombeing lost even if the OPC client fails. It can be connected tonon-redundant or redundant clients.
SINAUT ST7cc control center system with connected substations(RTU)
IP-basednetworks
Telecontrol communication is performed via IP-based networks:
Via public networks and the internet using DSL orGPRS/UMTS/LTE/5G
Wirelessly, by using special wireless systems optimized forEthernet, e.g. the components of the SCALANCE W IWLANsystem
Distances of up to 120 km can then be covered viafiber-optic cables, e.g. by using SCALANCE X switches with opticalports
Copper dedicated lines, private or leased
Conventionalnetworks
The following conventional WANs can be used for datatransmission:
Copper dedicated lines, private or leased
Private wireless networks (optionally with time slotprocedure)/TETRA
Dial-up networks (e.g. analog)
Change-driven datatransmission
In the stations, the telecontrol software ensures that process datais transmitted between CPU and control center and from CPU to CPUin the event of changes. Connection, CPU or control center failuresare displayed. A data update for all participating communicationpartners is performed automatically following debugging or startupof a CPU or of the control center.
Time-of-day alwaysup to date
To enable subsequent and correct archiving of process data in thecontrol center system, all data frames are already assigned a timestamp at their place of origin. The entire network is synchronizedautomatically – including daylight saving time changeover.
Localdata storage
A special property of communications modules used in telecontrolsystems is the capability for saving data which must be securedagainst loss in the event of failure of a connection orpartner.
Since the telecontrol modules save data and transmit it at a laterpoint in time with a time stamp, a suitable control center systemmust be used. It must also be possible to continue to process thisdata, specifically as regards subsequent archiving, if the data isreceived in the control center delayed by a number of hours or evendays. Archive compressions such as the creation of mean, hourly anddaily values also cannot be performed until all data for therelevant period has been received.
Remoteprogramming and diagnostics
In industries in which telecontrol systems are used, the stationsare distributed across wide areas and are often situated inlocations that are difficult to access. Faults which require avisit to be made to a station of this type are associated with longjourneys. A telecontrol system offers the optimal solution forthis: Remote programming and diagnostics via the telecontrolnetwork. All diagnostics and programming functions provided bySIMATIC RTUs for substation automation and WAN communication can beused via the telecontrol path - without interrupting process datatransmission.
Alarmsas text messages
In order to alert standby service personnel, event-driven textmessages can be sent to cell phones from the process stations. Anacknowledgment that a message of this type has been received can besent back to the sender CPU from the cell phone.
集成
Protocols
IEC protocol 60870
IEC 60870-5-101, -104 are standardized, vendor-independenttelecontrol protocols. They enable remote communication via bothconventional and IP-based WANs. The following modules are offeredfor implementation of an RTU with IEC 60870 based on SIMATIC: CP1243-1, CP 1243-8 IRC, CP 1243-7 LTE, CP 1542SP-1 IRC, TIM 1531 IRCas well as the compact RTU3000C module.
Possible operating mode in the IP-based WAN:
Spontaneous mode / event-driven
DNP3 protocol
The DNP3 protocol (Distributed Network Protocol) is a standardized,manufacturer-independent telecontrol protocol. It enables remotecommunication via both conventional and IP-based WANs. Thefollowing modules are offered for implementation of an RTU withDNP3 based on the SIMATIC:
CP 1243-1, CP 1243-8 IRC, CP 1243-7 LTE, CP 1542SP-1 IRC, TIM 1531IRC, TIM 3V-IE DNP3 and TIM 4R-IE DNP3 as well as compact moduleRTU3000C.
Possible operating mode in the IP-based WAN:
Spontaneous mode / event-driven
Possible operating modes in the conventional WAN:
Polling
SINAUT ST7 protocol
SINAUT ST7 enables SINAUT communication via both conventional andIP-based WANs. The following modules are offered for implementationof an RTU with SINAUT ST7 based on the SIMATIC:
CP 1243-8 IRC, CP 1542SP-1 IRC, TIM 1531 IRC, TIM 3V-IE, TIM 3V-IEAdvanced and TIM 4R-IE as well as compact module RTU3000C.
Possible operating mode in the IP-based WAN:
Spontaneous mode / event-driven
Possible operating modes in the conventional WAN:
Polling
Polling with time slot procedure
Operatingmodes
Spontaneousoperation in the IP-based WAN
For transmission via an IP-based network, a permanent TCPconnection is established in each case between two RTUs or betweenone RTU and the control center. Both partners exchangeprotocol-specific data packets over it using the TCP/IP transportprotocol. Spontaneous mode here means that the data is usually sentto the communication partner immediately and without a request(polling). However, the spontaneous data can also be sent with adelay in order to achieve optimum and efficient data transmission.This may be important if networks subject to fees are used and thetransferred data volume plays a role.
Networks without volumetariff:
When data is transmitted, it is transferred immediately to therespective partner regardless of any priority. Data is transferredin accordance with the FIFO principle. This does not apply toframes with "interrupt" priority. These are sent before any otherframes that may still be in the buffer.
Networks with volumetariff:
In an IP-based network, such as the mobile network, the priority ofthe individual data frames (normal, high or interrupt) is takeninto account. Data with normal priority is collected andtransmitted in larger blocks, as soon as a specific size of blockis achieved or when the specified TCP/IP keep-alive interval hasexpired. This saves transmission volume because a reduced frameoverhead and fewer acknowledgment frames are required. Importantdata with high or interrupt priority is transmitted immediately.Normal frames that are buffered at this point are sent at the sametime. Frames with normal or high priority are transmitted inaccordance with the FIFO principle.In polling mode,data exchange is controlled from the control center. It calls theconnected stations (including node stations) in sequence. Terminalswith modified data send this data as soon as they are called.Terminals with no modified data at the present time simplyacknowledge the call. Data from the control center to the stationscan be transferred at any time between the individual calls.
The ST7 protocol supports direct data transmission betweenstations. During this type of communication, data is alwaysexchanged via the polling control center TIM.Polling withtime-slot procedure mode is used on a wireless networkon which the use of the radio frequency assigned by theregistration authorities has to be shared with other operators.Typically, each operator has six seconds per minute to exchangedata with its stations. Once this time has elapsed, the frequencymust be enabled for the next operator. During the allocated timeslot, this type of polling operates in the same way as standardpolling.
The ST7 protocol supports direct data transmission betweenstations. During this type of communication, data is alwaysexchanged via the polling control center TIM.
Networkconfigurations and topologies
All networks and all transmission media can be combined in any wayin a telecontrol project – both with each other in "nodestructures", as well as in parallel in star topologies or inredundant configurations.
The graphics below show a selection of different topologies thatcan be implemented with the telecontrol components.
Basic topologies
Differently structured telecontrol networks can be implemented inthe wide area network (WAN) based on the following four basictopologies.
Media versions
Depending on the support provided by the selected telecontrolprotocol, various transmission media are available for these basictopologies, for example, dedicated line, private wireless networks,mobile wireless networks, dial-up networks (wireless/landline), DSLover Internet.
Some of these media versions are shown here using the example ofthe star topology.
Combinations of basictopologies and media versions
Through a combination of several basic topologies of the same ordifferent media versions, it is additionally possible to designmore complex network topologies, even with redundant communicationpaths. This allows optimum adaptation to process requirements andto the existing infrastructure.