6ES7307-1KA02-0AA0
6ES7307-1KA02-0AA0
6ES7307-1KA02-0AA0
6ES7307-1KA02-0AA0
6ES7307-1KA02-0AA0
The major part of the functionality of SINAMICS drives isimplemented in software. This"embedded" software delivers the function of the productand is therefore a significant component of the overall product.The embedded software is also known as firmware, because it isfirmly connected to specific hardware.
In the case of SINAMICS drives, the firmware is subdivided intothe operating system (OS) with drivers for the hardwareand the converter functions, which are also referred to asthe runtime (RT) functions.
IntroductionThe available firmware functions are so extensive that the overallfunctional scope has been structured into function groupscorresponding to their main applications.
The 8 main groups are:
Basic Drive Functions
Standard Technology Functions
Advanced Technology Functions
Communication Functions
Safety Integrated Functions
Energy Efficiency Functions
Common Engineering
Applications & Branch know-how
Functionality, including technology and configuration
Basic Drive FunctionsThe main groups, especially the "Basic Drive Functions", aredivided up into further subgroups.
Control modes
Availability
Setpoints and commands
Limiters, timers and monitoring functions
Diagnostics
Protection
Basic Drive Functions - Control Functions
The control methods are the core of the entire converter firmware.They are responsible for optimum movement of the connected motorand the attached machines. The better the control functions, thefaster, better and more smoothly the machine operates, therebysignificantly enhancing the quality of the production output.
A distinction is made between the following methods:
V/f control (open-loop control)
Vector control (closed-loop control)
Servo control (closed-loop control)
Further classification refers to the control variables:
Current control
Speed control
Torque control
Position control
Technological process control (pressure, flow rate, temperature,fill level, etc.)
Availability refers to the frequency ratio, namely how often orseldom a single device restricts the entire production process dueto a problem. That is why it is important in terms of availabilitythat a drive enters the faulty state only when it is essential forself-protection. Moreover, it is important that the cause of thepending problem is identified and eliminated as quickly aspossible.
Features and measures to increase availability:
Parallel connections, for example, to maintain emergency operation(possibly also at a lower rating), if a power unit fails
Automatic restart
Flying restart
Vdc control with kinetic buffering
Redundancy (hardware, communication, etc.)
The setpoint channel is the link between the setpoint source andthe motor control. The converter has a special feature thatsupports ltaneous input of two setpoints. Generation and subsequentmodification of the total setpoint (influencing the direction, skipfrequency, up/down ramp) take place in the setpoint channel.
Different sources of command usually result from the requirementsto operate a drive from different places (on-site/remote), indifferent situations (standard/emergency mode) and/or differentoperating. The BICO binector connector technology allows SINAMICSto configure and combine the command and setpoint sourcescompletely individually.
The following can be used for switching:
Dataset switchover
Switching elements among the Free Function Blocks (FFB)
Fixed values
Limiters and monitoring functions
Limiters or limits are used to constrain input and/or outputvariables as appropriate to the connected machine; this means thatnot all positioning variables are used over their full range butare limited judiciously to enhance the safety and quality of theproduction process.
Timers/runtime counters are used to obtain information or makestatements about the temporal course of a process.
Recording application information for manufacturers
Recording operating times for users
Configurable timers for monitoring intervals
Configurable timers for triggering activities at certain intervals(e.g. maintenance work)
Monitoring is used for early detection of conditions that may bedetrimental or even dangerous to the connected machine, so thatthey can be counteracted expediently. If an appropriatecountermeasure is not initiated, a protective response of theconverter with probable fault shutdown will ultimately result.
The "Diagnostics" subgroup comprises all those functions thatprovide assistance with determining the possible causes of aproblem.
If problems occur in a process, or in the driven machine, furtherinterpretation of the measured variables in the converter isrequired. To this end, different signals should be correlated withrespect to time and then observed.
This includes:
Error and alarm buffer
Diagnostic buffer
List of missing signals that interrupt operation
Tracing for temporal assignment of signal profiles
I/O lation
Telegram content diagnoses
Terminal status
All protection functions counteract any possible damage to theconverter and/or motor. This is why the shutdown thresholds cannotbe parameterized but are factory-tuned and permanently set to matchthe built-in components. Alarm thresholds may be parameterized as arelative variable for shutdown threshold of some monitoringprocesses. Thus, a countermeasure that is sensitive to the processmay still be initiated upon occurrence of the alarm.
Apart from protection of the hardware, protection of theparameterization and therefore protection of the intellectualexpertise of the customer from unauthorized access and copying isalso an important part of the protection functions.
Write protection
Know-how protection
Copy protection
The Standard Technology Functions are not restricted to a specificSINAMICS product family, but they are available in full or at leastpartially in SINAMICS S120 as well as inSINAMICS G120.
BICO technology
Free function blocks (FFB)
Basic positioner (EPos)
Technology controller (PID)
The Standard Technology Functions significantly expand theapplication spectrum of the SINAMICS drives because the functionsare not permanently and unalterably interconnected; rather, theyare interrupted at defined access points and can be connected orwired differently. The BICO technology makes it possible.
The FFBs enable additional, freely interpretable adaptations of thebinary and analog signal flow to the given machine application.However, the FFBs are limited in terms of the absolute quantity andthe computing intervals (sampling times) that can be selected.These blocks are NOT multi-instance capable.
With Epos, comprehensive positioning tasks are autonomous inSINAMICS (i.e. their solution does not need a higher-levelcontrol). And moreover, this integrated functionality is alsoextremely flexible: It can be used for highly dynamic servo controlas well as for simple applications with vector-controlledasynchronous motors. Up to 64 target positions, as well as therespective traversing speeds, can be permanently stored in thedrive during commissioning. Axes can be positioned eitherabsolutely or relatively.
It is, however, also possible to transfer these parameters asrequired from a higher-level controller. This means that targetpositions and velocities can even be changed on-the-fly during apositioning run.
The technology controller (PID controller) permits all types ofsimple process controls to be implemented. It can be used, forexample, to control the line pressure, fill level, temperature,flow or also tension control or load balancing.
For more information, see section Technology functions.
Advanced Technology FunctionsThe Advanced Technology Functions are the clear differentiatingfeature between the SINAMICS product families of SINAMICS G120with the CU2xx‑2 Control Units and SINAMICS S120 with theCU3x0‑2 Control Units. The Advanced Technology Functions are onlyavailable for SINAMICS S120:
SINAMICS Technology Extensions (TEC)
SINAMICS Drive Control Chart (DCC)
The Advanced Technology Functions are characterized by maximumflexibility and performance whereby extremely individual and, atthe same time, efficient solutions can be achieved.
SINAMICS DCC comprises the block library, so-called DCB DriveControl Blocks and the DCC Editor for graphical interconnection ofblocks. SINAMICS DCC is primarily employed to solve arithmeticand control-related tasks or logic functions associated withcomplex applications.
In addition to the DCB Standard library, the DCB Extension librarycan also be used to create applications.
The DCB Extension library is comprised of freely programmableblocks which are created for specific applications using DCB Studioand are then graphically interconnected with the DCC Editor in asimilar fashion to standard blocks.
SINAMICS Technology Extensions (TECs) are configurablefirmware expansions that are specifically created for use in acustomized application with special requirements. Thisfunctionality can therefore be subsequently installed as an add-onto the standard scope of firmware functions. One example of aSINAMICS TEC is the VIBX vibration extinction for storage andretrieval systems.
The functional scope of Advanced Technology Functions is scalableand flexible. Depending on the task, you can choose betweenconfigurable solutions provided by Siemens or freely createdproprietary solutions in the drive.
Depending on the technology function, a license may be required forthe application (see section Control Units and memory cards).
Safety Integrated FunctionsSee section Safety Integrated
Communication FunctionsSee section Communication
Energy Efficiency FunctionsSee section Energy efficiency
Common EngineeringAll functions of the converters are implemented to enable a commonengineering approach to their handling no matter which type ofdrive is selected; i.e. if a function is used in drive x, it can beconfigured intuitively and commissioned in the same way in drive y.Knowledge gained can therefore be reused easily and efficiently.The engineering and commissioning tools in particular such as SIZERfor Siemens Drives (integrated in the TIA Selection Tool), STARTERand SINAMICS Startdrive reflect this approach.
For more information, see section Engineering tools.
Applications & Branch know-howSiemens has applied these technology functions (standard and/oradvanced) to generate numerous application solutions.
These applications can be downloaded from the Siemens ApplicationSupport website at
//www./sinamics-applications
The STARTER and SINAMICS Startdrive commissioning tools can then beused to activate and configure the applications and download themto the Control Units.
In some branch-specific Control Units (e.g. CU230P‑2)branch-specific functions are also an integral part of thefirmware.
For more information, see section Drive applications.