6ES7211-1AE40-0XB0

6ES7211-1AE40-0XB0

6ES7211-1AE40-0XB0

西门子CPU模块代理商

6ES7211-1AE40-0XB0

Step by step to more efficiency

One of the core objectives of the European Union is a sustainablepower industry. In industrial plants today, around 70 % of thepower demand is from electrically driven systems. This highpercentage contains huge potential for saving energy in electricaldrives. For that reason, the European Union introduced minimumrequirements for the energy efficiency of electric motors in theform of a statutory motor regulation as early as 2011.

These activities are expanded by EU Directive 2019/1781, whichdeals with more stringent requirements for DOL motors (Direct OnLine) and defines the efficiency limits for frequency converters.The directive offers a legal basis for technical content in termsof the efficiency of specific products and services. However,standardization plays a leading role in determining the range andavailable market technology.

Improving energy efficiency is supported by a systematic selectionof the most efficient converter and drive system technologies onthe IEC 61800‑9 series of standards. Part 1 specifies themethodology to determine the energy efficiency index of anapplication on the basis of the expanded product approach (EPA) andsemi-analytical models (SAMs), whereas part 2 entailsindicators for the evaluation of the energy efficiency performanceand classification of converters and drive systems.

First of all, the consideration of eight application-relevantoperating points is introduced as mandatory, in order to take thedifferent applications into account in a targeted manner.Determination of loss values at these eight points and definitionof efficiency classes are laid down by the standard in a uniformway. This enables data relevant to operation, such asapplication-specific load profiles, to now be taken into accountmore easily in the energy efficiency analysis.

The standard is especially important for variable-speed drives ofthe following types:

for AC/AC converters without energy recovery functionality

for motors with integrated converters

for supply voltages of 100 V to 1000 V

for power ratings of 0.12 kW to 1000 kW

To cover all applications of driven machines, theIEC 61800‑9‑2 standard defines operating points in full-loadand partial-load operation, at which the losses of the motor anddrive systems have to be determined. Based on the loss data at theoperating points in partial-load operation, variable-speed drivescan be explicitly considered in more detail. This makes theiradvantages especially clear.

Duty cycles for different driven machines

Moreover, frequency converters and motor systems are classified inefficiency classes, which permit an initial rough estimate of thepotential saving. Definition of reference systems is a key aspectof this because they provide standard reference values. Thepositioning of these reference systems defines the efficiencyclass. The relative distance from the reference system can be usedas an absolute measure of the efficiency at the operating point inquestion.

Advantages of the detailed loss consideration of IEC 61800‑9‑2over the previous consideration of efficiencies and maximum lossvalues

For motors, the efficiency consideration was previously onlydefined for operation without a converter at 50/60 Hz. Itprovides a good way of comparing the energy efficiency of motorsfrom different manufacturers for this use case.

The more detailed loss analysis of IEC 61800‑9‑2, on the otherhand, is aimed at speed-controlled operation and therefore now alsoincludes motors especially designed for converter operation in theenergy analysis. These were previously not covered by theapplicable standards.
Moreover, a loss analysis over the entire setting and load range ofthe motor is possible. This is done in accordance with the standardIEC 61800‑9‑2 with typical values.

For holistic consideration, it is essential to include all therelevant components of a drive system. The IEC 61800‑9‑2standard defines this in detail. The standardized expression ofpower loss data as a percentage makes comparison considerablyeasier and more transparent.

The method also makes it possible to consider a motor that producesa holding torque at speed zero, for example. In this case, theefficiency is zero, but a power loss from current producingmagnetization and holding torque does occur. In summary, the keyadvantage of standard IEC 61800‑9‑2 is the ability to performthe energy analysis of an electrical drive system based onstandardized load profiles in all operating ranges due to uniformgeneral conditions. This provides the user with completetransparency irrespective of the manufacturer.

Establishing efficiency classes of frequency converters (CompleteDrive Modules CDM)

To avoid overmodulation and to ensure comparability between makes,which cannot be achieved otherwise, the efficiency classes of CDMsrefer to the 90/100 operating point (90 % motor statorfrequency, 100 % torque current).

Standard IEC 61800‑9‑2 defines the relative losses of a CDM inefficiency classes IE0 to IE2. With reference to the value of a CDMof efficiency class IE1 (reference converter), a CDM of efficiencyclass IE2 has 25 % lower losses and a CDM of efficiency classIE0 has 25 % higher losses.

The publication of EU Directive 2019/1781 makes compliance with theeco-design requirements for the product declaration of conformitymandatory.
AC/AC transformers, that belong to the aforementioned categories(specific voltage and performance level without regenerativefeedback capability), must meet efficiency class IE2, in order tobe authorized for installation/use within the EU.

Operating points for CDMs

Complete Drive Module (CDM) – determining the efficiency class

Establishing the efficiency classes of drive systems (Power DriveSystems PDS)

What is possible for the individual systems, of course, alsoapplies to the entire electrical PDS (frequency converter plusmotor). Detailed comparisons are now possible at this level, too.The reference values for the reference system provide clearindications of the energy performance of the PDS.

Because targeted matching of the motor and CDM provides additionalpotential for optimization in electrical drive systems, it isespecially important for the user to consider the entire drivesystem.

For the efficiency class of a PDS, too, a specific load point isdefined. In this case, the reference point used is the 100/100operating point (100 % motor stator frequency, 100 %torque).

Standard IEC 61800‑9‑2 defines the relative losses of a PDS inefficiency classes IES0 to IES2. With reference to the value of aPDS of efficiency class IES1 (reference drive), a PDS of efficiencyclass IES2 has 20 % lower losses and a PDS of efficiency classIES0 has 20 % higher losses.

Operating points for PDS

Power Drive System (PDS) – determining the efficiency class